Linguistics

Hello everyone...
In this post, i will share you some information that i know about linguistics. Let we see together...😊

What is linguistics??

Linguistics is the study about human natural language. Linguistics talk averything about language such as speech sounds, words, sentences, and how language evolve over time. So before we learn about linguistics, we have to know what is language?. 👀👇

Language comes from the latin word "lingua" that means language. Human use language to communicate each other or give a sign, it can be a symbol or words. Language is a system that associate sounds with meaning in a way that uses words and sentences.

Before i wrote this blog, i heve searched about the history of linguistics.  Linguistics was started in 1963 by Mouton Publishers in The Hague, apparently on the initiative of Mouton's Peter de Ridder as well as linguist C.H. van Schooneveld. In the early 20th century, Ferdinand de Saussure distinguished between the notions of langue and parole in his formulation of structural linguistics. Ferdinand de Saussure (the father of modern linguistics) in his book cours de linguistique generale proposed the terms langage, langue, and parole. Which is "langage"means language in general, "langue" means a particular language, and "parole" means the language of an individual.

So, from that brief explanation, we can conclude that linguistics is everything about language not only words but also the sounds, meanings, or the form of words, and there are any expression in language. Linguistics make language as the object to study. People who studies language called as linguist.

Linguistics have various branches, let's see one by one.
1) phonetics. This is the study of the production (using the mouth, nose, teeth and tongue) and perception of speech sound. It means how these sounds are articulated and how the hearer perceives them.
For example: when we voicing "s" and "z"
                         in word "sue" and "zoo"

2) phonology. Is the study of the sound patterns of language. It's describe the contrastive consonants and vowels in a language, and how pronunciation is affected by the position of the sound in the word and the sounds that are nearby.

For example: when we voicing "seen" and "sin"

So, the difference between phonology and phonetics is Phonology the study of speech sounds of a given language and their function within the sound system of that language, but Phonetics is the study of speech processes, including the anatomy, neurology, and pathology of speech, the articulation, classification and perception of speech sounds

3) morphology. Is the study of word structure and formation.
For example: house (singular)
                    Houses (plural)

4) syntax. Is the study of sentence structure. It means of how phrases, clauses and sentences are constructed and combined in particular languages.
For example: Box (word)
                         That big box (phrase)
                         That big box is very heavy (clause)

5) semantics. The study of linguistic meaning. It means the meaning and interpretation of words, signs, and sentences structure is depend on how we understand and what decision we make as a result of our interpretation.

6) pragmatics.  Pragmatics is similar with semantics, but it involves the study of how speakers of a language use the language to communicate and accomplish what they want. Pragmatics looks more at the relationship between speaker and listener which allows assumptions to be made about the intended message, considering, for example, the way context contributes to meaning.

For example: when you in your friend's house and her mother ask you "what time is it?". It means if it turns out of 10 p.m, she were told you to go home because it was too late.


Sources:

https://www.sil.org/linguistics/what-linguistics
https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Linguistics
https://examples.yourdictionary.com/examples-of-semantics.html
https://www.ef.co.id/englishfirst/englishstudy/macam-macam-teori-sastra-dan-pengertiannya/perbedaan-ilmu-phonology-dan-phonetic.aspx
http://syah41835.blogspot.com/2016/03/cara-termudah-membedakan-phonetics-dan.html?m=1
https://all-about-linguistics.group.shef.ac.uk/branches-of-linguistics/pragmatics/what-is-pragmatics/



Okay guys i think that's all i know about linguistics and the conclusion of this part is linguistics is not only about language, word, sentence or symbol but also about how it's pronounce, meaning, and how the difference pronounce can make the different meaning to hearer.


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